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I was interested in the same question, as I had visited many of them. I did some research. I went through the list of all the temples that have a Sri Yantra, and then figured out which all were established by Sri Shankaracharya. As has already been mentioned, there is no standard list, and many of them are claimed to be installed by Adi Shankaracharya. There are no historical records available. I have tried to keep it as clean as possible in order to remove any spurious places. (I have also added a reference to where I found the quote.) The following are the list of temples:

1. Kanakadurga, Vijaywada, Andhra Pradesh.

   Adi-Sankaracharya visited the temple and installed the Srichakra and initiated workship of Kanaka Durga in vedic ways. - http://www.kanakadurgatemple.org/historyinEnglish.aspx

2. Sharadamba, Sringeri, Karnataka.

   Originally it was an unpretentious shrine with the Murti of Sharada made of sandalwood, installed over the Sri Chakra that Sri Adi Shankara carved on a rock - https://www.sringeri.net/temples/sri-sharadamba

3. Mahalakshmi, Kolhapur, Maharashtra.

4. Kamakshi, Kanchi, Tamil Nadu.

   Adi Shankaracharya, the famous 8th century CE scholar and saint, re-established the Sri Chakra in this Kamakshi Devi temple in the trough-like structure in that shrine. - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kamakshi_Amman_Temple

5. Kamakshi, Nellore, Andhra Pradesh.

   It is said that Adi Sankaracharya has installed srichakram in the sanctum sanctorum of Kamakshi shrine. - https://www.flickr.com/photos/vsramachandran/30636243424 *

6. Kamakshi, Chennai, Tamil Nadu.

   The Adi Shankaracharya is believed to have visited Mangadu and installed a Sri Ardhameru Chakram at this place. - http://www.mangadukamakshi.tnhrce.in/history.html

7. Nimishamba, Mysore, Karnataka.

   the priest tells me that they believe that it dates back to the years of Adi Shankaracharya and point to a ‘srichakra’ carved on a stone in front of the deity. - https://www.thehindu.com/features/metroplus/travel/boon-a-minute/article3896841.ece

8. Meenakshi, Shivanasamudra, Karnataka

   Adi Shankaracharya is believed to have consecrated the Shri Chakra to which the standing goddess’ eyes are directed. The idol is life-like in size and appearance - https://www.deccanherald.com/content/589521/of-temples-legends.html

9. Mookambika, Kollur, Karnataka.

   It has been installed in various temples, including the Kamakshi Temple in Kanchipuram and the Mookambika Temple in Kollur (by Sri Adi Shankaracharya). - https://www.deccanherald.com/content/377593/significance-sri-chakra.html

10. Brahmaramba, Srisailam, Andhra Pradesh

    A story preserved in the folklore narrates that, Adisankara, saw the violent form of Bhramaramba ?Devi and to reduce her violent power, installed Srichakra in front of the Garbhagriha - http://www.srisailamonline.com/about-main-temple.html

11. Kali, Tiruvottiyur, Tamil Nadu

    Adi Shankara is said to have installed a chakra to calm down the Devi and to make her Sowmya roopi - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thyagaraja_Temple,_Tiruvottiyur

There is some mention about the Sri Chakra being installed at the Kamakhya temple in Guwahati, and Durga Parmeshwari temple in Kateel as well, but I did not find much information about it.

There is some mention that the Sri Chakra was installed at Jagadamba Sharika Bhagwati in Kashmir by Adi Shankaracharya, but this document tells, "In fact there is no historical evidence or chronicle of that era that Adi Shankaracharya visited Kashmir during short span of his life.".