Gandhari had a boon from Ved Vyasa to have 100 sons. Now, it is impossible for a woman to give birth to 100 sons in a single lifetime.
So how were all 100 Kauravas born together?
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The story of the Kauravas' birth is told in the Adi Parva of the Mahabharata. First of all, the reason that Gandhari had a hundred sons was as a result of boon she had gotten from the sage Vyasa as a reward for the hospitality she had once shown him. Later she became pregnant, but the pregnancy lasted two years, and she got jealous that Pandu's wife Kunti had already delivered, so she got impatient and tried to terminate the pregnancy:
It was Vyasa, the one who had given her the boon in the first place, that made this mass of flesh into a hundred sons:
That daughter was named Duhsala, by the way, and she married Jayadratha, who blocked the Pandavas from rescuing Arjuna's son Abhimanyu during the Mahabharata war. And Dhritashtra also had one other son, Yuyutsu, with a Vaishya woman. Yuyutsu was the only surviving son of Dhritashtra after the war, and he ultimately became a regent for Arjuna's grandson Parikshit when the Pandavas retired to the Himalayas and installed Parikshit on the throne.
It is interesting to note, by the way, that when Gandhari received all this from Vyasa, she was actually being helped by her own father-in-law, since Vyasa was Dhritashtra's biological father, as I discuss in this answer.
More detail about Duhsala's birth is given in the next chapter of the Adi Parva of the Mahabharata. When the mass of flash was being divided into 100 pieces, Gandhari suddenly wished that she could have a daughter in addition to the 100 sons, so Vyasa accommodated her request:
So that extra daughter was Jayadratha's wife Duhsala.
OK so basically There were 100 sons of Dhritarashtra. After 100 sons, Gandhari took out Duhshala, a baby girl, from the 101st jar.
Yuyutsu was son of Dhritarashtra but not from Gandhari. He was from Sughada, a woman from Vaishya Varna. (May be a maid) He was born on the same day as Duryodhana.
In total Dhritarashtra had 102 children, 101 (100 boys + 1 girl) from Gandhari and 1 from Sughada.
एक बार महर्षि वेदव्यास हस्तिनापुर आए। गांधारी ने उनकी बहुत सेवा की। जिससे प्रसन्न होकर उन्होंने गांधारी को वरदान मांगने को कहा। गांधारी ने अपने पति के समान ही बलवान सौ पुत्र होने का वर मांगा। समय पर गांधारी को गर्भ ठहरा और वह दो वर्ष तक पेट में ही रहा। इससे गांधारी घबरा गई और उसने अपना गर्भ गिरा दिया। उसके पेट से लोहे के समान एक मांस पिण्ड निकला।
महर्षि वेदव्यास ने अपनी योगदृष्टि से यह सब देख लिया और वे तुरंत गांधारी के पास आए। तब गांधारी ने उन्हें वह मांस पिण्ड दिखाया। महर्षि वेदव्यास ने गांधारी से कहा कि तुम जल्दी से सौ कुण्ड बनवाकर उन्हें घी से भर दो और सुरक्षित स्थान में उनकी रक्षा का प्रबंध कर दो तथा इस मांस पिण्ड पर जल छिड़को। जल छिड़कने पर उस मांस पिण्ड के एक सौ एक टुकड़े हो गए।
व्यासजी ने कहा कि मांस पिण्डों के इन एक सौ एक टुकड़ों को घी से भरे कुंडों में डाल दो। अब इन कुंडों को दो साल बाद ही खोलना। इतना कहकर महर्षि वेदव्यास तपस्या करने हिमालय पर चले गए। समय आने पर उन्हीं मांस पिण्डों से पहले दुर्योधन और बाद में गांधारी के 99 पुत्र तथा एक कन्या उत्पन्न हुई।